Some utilities to make dealing with .desktop files easier: * update-desktop-database -- update the desktop-MIME mapping * desktop-file-validate -- validate a desktop file * desktop-file-install -- install a desktop file, munging en route.

Samba is an implementation of the SMB/CIFS protocol for Unix systems, providing support for cross-platform file sharing with Microsoft Windows, OS X, and other Unix systems. Samba can also function as a domain controller or member server in Active Directory or NT4-style domains.

debootstrap is used to create a Debian base system from scratch, without requiring the availability of dpkg or apt. It does this by downloading .deb files from a mirror site, and carefully unpacking them into a directory which can eventually be chrooted into.

x265 is a commandline encoder for creating H.265/High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) video streams.